This book has been written with the objective of presenting a holistic and clinically practical approach to fistula-in-ano, integrating insights from both modern surgical science and traditional Ayurvedic wisdom. Classical Ayurvedic texts have described Bhagandara in great detail, including its etiology, classification, and management principles. In recent decades, certain Ayurvedic interventions—particularly the Ksharasutra therapy—have gained wide recognition for their effectiveness in managing fistulous tracts with minimal recurrence.
In this book, we have attempted to present the subject in a systematic, evidence-informed, and clinically oriented manner. The text begins with the surgical anatomy and physiology of the anal canal and perianal region, followed by detailed discussions on etiopathogenesis, classification, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and differential diagnosis. Various modern surgical procedures and minimally invasive techniques are described alongside Ayurvedic therapeutic principles, providing readers with a balanced understanding of available treatment options.
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